White Specs in Emulsion
Moderator: Keith Tapscott.
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Skipping the stop bath causes the fixer to deteriorate quicker. It also causes the formation of specs.Lowell Huff wrote:Acetic acid Stop Bath has no chemical reaction with developer that will result in white specs. Aluminum dropping out of fixer hardener because it is improperly mixed, results in white specs.
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Developer carry over does not cause fixer to deteriorate. The purpose of stop bath is to stop development.
Modern fixing formulas are buffered against pH change. That being said, acid, neutral or alkaline pH of fixers has no scientificly measureable effect on fixing. It is thio sulfate the combines with the un developed silver and as long as there is "thio" available it will fix. As the fixing solution saturates, fixing speed slows down but even a super saturated solution will continue to fix, it just takes longer.
Modern fixing formulas are buffered against pH change. That being said, acid, neutral or alkaline pH of fixers has no scientificly measureable effect on fixing. It is thio sulfate the combines with the un developed silver and as long as there is "thio" available it will fix. As the fixing solution saturates, fixing speed slows down but even a super saturated solution will continue to fix, it just takes longer.
Carry over of developer does indeed harm the fixer.Lowell Huff wrote:Developer carry over does not cause fixer to deteriorate. The purpose of stop bath is to stop development.
Modern fixing formulas are buffered against pH change. That being said, acid, neutral or alkaline pH of fixers has no scientificly measureable effect on fixing. It is thio sulfate the combines with the un developed silver and as long as there is "thio" available it will fix. As the fixing solution saturates, fixing speed slows down but even a super saturated solution will continue to fix, it just takes longer.
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- Posts: 129
- Joined: Thu Aug 19, 2004 6:09 pm
- Location: Los Angeles, CA 90061
- Contact:
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- Posts: 129
- Joined: Thu Aug 19, 2004 6:09 pm
- Location: Los Angeles, CA 90061
- Contact: